强冰雹天气的多普勒天气雷达探测与预警技术综述

J4 ›› 2009, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 197-206.

• 综述 • 下一篇

强冰雹天气的多普勒天气雷达探测与预警技术综述

吴剑坤^{1, 2},俞小鼎²

(1.中国气象科学研究院,北京　100081; 2.中国气象局培训中心,北京　100081)

收稿日期:2009-08-25 修回日期:2009-08-30 出版日期:2010-09-30 发布日期:2009-09-30
作者简介:吴剑坤(1984-),男,江西上饶人,硕士研究生,研究方向是雷达气象与临近预报.E-mai:l wujiankun2008@ yahoo. com. cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(40575014)“基于多普勒天气雷达观测中的中国超级单体风暴研究”资助

Review of Detection and Warning Methods for Sever Hail Events by Doppler Weather Radars

WU Jiankun^{1, 2}, YU Xiaoding²

1.ChineseAcademy ofMeteorologicalScience, Beijing100081, China;
2.Training Center ofChineseMeteorologicalAdministration,Beijing100081,China)

Received:2009-08-25 Revised:2009-08-30 Online:2010-09-30 Published:2009-09-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

主要介绍了强冰雹天气的有利环境背景条件和强雹暴的多普勒天气雷达识别和预警技术。主要结论如下: (1)有利于强冰雹的环境条件是-10℃和-30℃之间的对流有效位能较大; 0~6 km之间的垂直风切变较大; 0℃层距离地面高度适中。(2)强冰雹的主要的雷达回波特征:高悬的强回波;低层的弱回波区(WER)、中高层的回波悬垂和有界弱回波区(BWER);中气旋。(3)能够有效判断强冰雹发生的3个辅助特征指标:VIL密度,风波顶辐散和S波段三体散射长钉(TBSS),具体如下:①强冰雹发生对应的VIL密度阈值是3. 5 g/m3,如果达到4 g/m3,几乎肯定发生强冰雹;②产生强冰雹的正负速度差值的阈值是38 m /s;③S波段雷达回波中出现TBSS是存在强冰雹的充分非必要条件。
　　

关键词: 强冰雹, 环境条件, 雷达识别与预警

Abstract:

A review ismainly given on the environmental background conditionswhich are favorable for the occurrence of severhail events, the identification of severe hailstorms strength, and severe hailstormswarningmethods byDopplerweather radar. Themain conclusions are as follows: (1) The environment conditions conducive to severe hailwere the larger convective available potential energy (CAPE) between -10℃leveland -30℃leve,l the largerverticalwind shear ranged from 0 to6 km, and themoderate height from the ground to 0℃layer. (2) Themain radarecho characteristics ofsevere hailare an overhang strong echo, low-levelweak echo region (WER), high-level overhanging echo and boundedweak echo region (BWER) and themesocyclone (M). (3) Three auxiliary characteristic indicatorswhich have been effectively used to determine severe hailoccurrence areVIL density, storm top divergence and the S-band three-body scatter spike (TBSS). Specific requirements are as follows: Firstly, the threshold value ofVIL density corresponded to severe hail occurrence is 3. 5 g/m3, and if it reached 4 g/m3, severe hailwould almost certainly occur. Secondly, the threshold value of the speed difference between the positive and negative (ΔV) is 38 m / s. Thirdly, it is a sufficient condition ofnon -essential for the occurrence of severe hail thatTBSS appears in S-band radar echo.

Key words: sever hai, l environmental condition, identification and warning by radar

中图分类号:

P412. 25

吴剑坤, 俞小鼎. 强冰雹天气的多普勒天气雷达探测与预警技术综述[J]. J4, 2009, 27(3): 197-206.

TUN Jian-Kun, SHU Xiao-Ding. Review of Detection and Warning Methods for Sever Hail Events by Doppler Weather Radars[J]. J4, 2009, 27(3): 197-206.

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强冰雹天气的多普勒天气雷达探测与预警技术综述

Review of Detection and Warning Methods for Sever Hail Events by Doppler Weather Radars

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