J4 ›› 2008, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 84-89.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古农牧交错带草地生产力对气候要素的响应———以多伦县为例

何玉斐1 ,赵明旭2 ,王金祥2 ,张宏升1, 3   

  1. 1. 北京大学物理学院大气科学系,北京 100871; 2. 内蒙古多伦县草原工作站,内蒙古 多伦 027300; 3. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2008-01-31 修回日期:2008-04-14 出版日期:2008-06-30 发布日期:2008-06-30
  • 作者简介:玉斐(1984-) ,女,四川人,硕士研究生,主要从事大气边界层和大气环境研究
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(40775013) 、教育部博士点专项基金和国家科技部项目(2006AA06A306)资助

Respon se of Gra ssland Productiv ity to Clima te Change in the Farm ing - Pa stur ing In terlocked Area of InnerM ongolia: Case Study of Duolun County

HE Yufei1 , ZHAO Mingxu2 , WANG J inxiang2 , ZHANG Hongsheng1,3   

  1. 1 Departm ent of A tm ospheric Sciences, Pek ing University, B eijing 100871, China; 2 The Grassland Research S tation
    of Duolun, Duolun 027300, China; 3. Institute of A rid M eteorology, CMA, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2008-01-31 Revised:2008-04-14 Online:2008-06-30 Published:2008-06-30

摘要:

利用内蒙古农牧交错带多伦县50余a的气候资料,基于Miami和ThornthwaiteMemorial气候模型,分析了该地区草地生产潜力对气候要素的响应。结果表明, ThornthwaiteMemorial模型更能反映草地生产潜力随气候要素的变化规律。温度升高和降水增加均对当地草地生产潜力起正作用。其中,相对温度而言,降水对草地生产潜力的限制作用更为明显。另外,利用多伦县1999~2002年的畜牧业统计资料,对天然草地和人工草地的有效生产潜力和实际产量作了对比,其中天然草地的草地生产潜力开发度很低,仅为26% ,具有很大的开发空间。人工草地的实际产量和草地生产潜力开发度对更高,显示了它作为提高该地区牧草产量有效途径的可能性。最后通过对比多伦县2000~2002年的理论和实际载畜量,提出该地区草原处于高超载状态,平均超载率高达79. 3%。

关键词: 农牧交错带, 草地生产力, 气候要素

Abstract:

According to the climate data (1953 - 2006) in the farming - pasturing interlocked area of InnerMongolia (Duolun) , the response of local grassland p roductivity to the climate change is analyzed. Climate models (Miami and ThornthwaiteMemorial) are introduced to evaluate the grassland potential p roductivity. It is showed that ThornthwaiteMemorialmodel could better describe the main features of the grassland potential p roductivity change with climate factors in Duolun County, and both temperature and p recip itation increase could enhance the potential p roductivity, but p recip itation is the key climatic factor limiting the potential p roductivity. The grassland actual p roductivity observed in Duolun County is then compared with the effective potential p roductivity. The results show that the p roductivity level of natural grassland is very low (412 kg/hm2 ·a) , which is only 26% of its effective potential p roductivity, and there is a large room for imp roving. Both of the potential and actual p roductivities of the artificial grassland are much higher than those of the natural grassland, which indicates that the development of artificial grassland could be highly efficient for imp roving the local
grassland p roductivity. The actual stocking rate in 2000 - 2002 is also compared with the estimated theoretical one, and an average overloading rate up to 79. 3% exists in this period.

Key words: farming - pasturing interlocked area, grassland p roductivity, climate change

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