风沙起动形式与起动假说

J4 ›› 2005, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 64-69.

风沙起动形式与起动假说

董治宝

中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室，甘肃兰州730000

收稿日期:2005-05-08 修回日期:2005-05-25 出版日期:2005-06-30 发布日期:2005-06-30
作者简介:董治宝(1966-) ,男，研究员，主要从事风沙物理研究.E-mxil:zbdon@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目( KZCX3-SW-341)资助

The Entrainment Modes and the Corresponding of Blown Sand Particles Theoretical Hypotheses

DONG Zhi-bao

Key Lahoratoiy of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2005-05-08 Revised:2005-05-25 Online:2005-06-30 Published:2005-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

风沙颗粒起动是风沙物理学与沙尘释放研究的重要内容，但是，这一领域的研究很不成熟.本文根据国内外目前的主要研究成果，讨论了风沙起动的形式，将风沙起动理论归纳为风压起动说、升力起动说、冲击起动说、压差起动说、振动起动说、斜面飞升说、猝发起动说、湍流起动说、负压起动说和涡旋起动说等10种假说。进一步将风沙起动假说归纳为以接触力为主的起动学说和以非接触（气力)为主的起动说两大类。最后认为，风沙起动的影响因索是复杂的，各种学说都有其合理的成分，反映了真理的某个侧面，但试图仅仅靠某一种学说或某一种力来解释风沙的起动是不够完善的。风沙起动过程同时受多种力的作用，只是这此力所起的作用各异，在分析时要分清主次。再者，同一种力在不同性皮如不同密度、粒径和形状等)沙粒的起动过程中所起的作用也可能是不同的，在研究中还需要具体问题具体分析。风沙起动机制尚需全面、深入和科学的研究.

关键词: 风成过程, 颗粒起动, 假说

Abstract:

The entraimnent process of blown sand particles is an important research subject in the aeolian physics and dust emission.However, it is a poorly understood field. Summarizing the research achievements in both China and abroad, the entrainment modes of h10Wn Sand partlCleS are d1SCLISSed In th1S paper. The COTTCSpOndlng theOTleS are C1aSSlfled lnt0 f} 1}1ndS Of hypOtheSCS, they are aeTOdynaI111C'.击ag hypothesis, aerodynamic lift hypothesis, saltating impact hypothesis, pressure gradient hypothesis, vibration hypothesis,incline surface flight hypothesis, burst hypothesis, turbulent lift hypothesis, negative pressure hypothesis and vortex hypothesis. The hypotheses are categorized into two groups: the contact force entrainment hypothesis and the non一。ontact force hypothesis. Consequently, it is concluded that the aeolian particle entrainment is a complex process, every hypothesis may contain some appropriate elementS, hilt Can nOt COVCT 8.i1 the aSpeCtS. The S1gn1f1CariCe Of the VaC10LIS forces In entTalnlng Sand partlCleS t0 a great eXtent depends On the COndltlOn 1nVO1Ved. COmpTehenSlVe, SyStematlC and ln-depth 1nSlght 1S needed In the flltlne WOrl}.

Key words: aeolian process, particle entrainment, hypothesis

中图分类号:

P425.6

董治宝. 风沙起动形式与起动假说[J]. J4, 2005, 23(2): 64-69.

DONG Chi-Bao. The Entrainment Modes and the Corresponding of Blown Sand Particles Theoretical Hypotheses[J]. J4, 2005, 23(2): 64-69.

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