干旱气象

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1971~2010年陕西省气候舒适度变化特征及区划

  

  1. 1.陕西省气象服务中心,陕西西安710015;
    2.陕西省防雷中心,陕西西安710015
  • 出版日期:2015-12-31 发布日期:2015-12-31
  • 作者简介:卢珊(1985- ),女,陕西石泉人,硕士,工程师,从事预报服务工作. E-mail:lushan660@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    陕西省气象局2014年度气象科技创新基金项目“基于信息扩散理论的秦岭北麓旅游区暴雨及高温灾害风险分析”(2014M-39)资助

Variation Characteristics and Comprehensive Division of Climate Comfort Degree from 1971 to 2010 in Shaanxi Province

  1. 1.Shaanxi Meteorological Service Center, Xi’an 710015, China;
    2.Shaanxi Lighting Protect Center, Xi’an 710015, China
  • Online:2015-12-31 Published:2015-12-31

摘要:

利用陕西省82个气象站近40 a(1971~2010年)的逐日常规气象观测资料,根据环境卫生学指标及相关研究成果,结合陕西地域特点,建立适合陕西的气候舒适度评价模型,进而得到该省气候舒适度的时空分布,在此基础上采用旋转经验正交分解法(REOF),对陕西省气候舒适度进行综合区划及评价。结果表明:陕西省气候舒适度有明显的地域差异,总体上气候舒适度由南向北逐渐降低,近40 a间各地的气候舒适度均显著增加;陕西省可划分为4个气候舒适区,分别是关中中东部(Ⅰ区)、陕北西南部(Ⅱ区)、陕北东北部(Ⅲ区)、陕南中南部(Ⅳ区),其中Ⅳ区的气候舒适度最高,但人口仅占全省总数的11.4 %,Ⅰ区次之,人口占全省总数的一半,Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区的舒适度明显偏低,相应的人口也最少,分别占全省的6.0 %和6.8 %;4个区的年气候舒适日数均呈上升趋势,其中Ⅱ区上升幅度最大,气候正常日数在各区的变化幅度均不明显,而气候不舒适日数各区均表现为明显下降趋势,Ⅰ区降幅最大。

关键词: 气候舒适度, REOF, 综合区划, 陕西省

Abstract:

Based on the daily mean temperature, relative humidity and wind speed of 82 weather stations in Shaanxi Province from 1971 to 2010, the evaluation model of climate comfort degree was established by considering the related research results and combining with the regional characteristics, and then the spatial and temporal distribution of climate comfort degree was calculated. On this basis the comprehensive division and evaluation of climate comfort degree was done by using the rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) method. The results showed that the climate comfort degree had obvious regional differences in Shaanxi, which decreased from south to north in general and increased significantly everywhere in the past 40 years. Shaanxi Province was divided into 4 climate comfortable districts including the central and east of Guanzhong (District Ⅰ), southwest of northern Shaanxi (District Ⅱ), northeast of northern Shaanxi (District Ⅲ) and central and south of southern Shaanxi (District Ⅳ) , respectively. The climate in District Ⅳ was the most comfortable, and its population accounted for 11.4% of the provincial population. The climate comfort degree in District Ⅰ was slightly lower than that in District Ⅳ, and its population accounted for half of the total, while that in District Ⅱ and District Ⅲ were the lowest, their population accounted respectively for 6.0% and 6.8% of the total. The annual climate comfortable days showed an increasing trend in each district during 1971-2010, and the biggest increase appeared in District Ⅱ. The annual change of climate normal days was little, but that of climate uncomfortable days was significantly downward trend in four districts, and with the largest decline in District Ⅰ.

Key words: climate comfort degree, REOF, comprehensive division, Shaanxi Province

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