Based on the energy fluxes data of the observation experimental station of land-atmosphere interaction in the hinterland of Taklimakan desert from June 2014 to May 2015, the energy balance ratio (EBR) method and the least square method (OLS) were used to analyze the surface energy balance closure characteristics of desert underlying surface. The results show that all the components of energy fluxes showed a single peak trend, and there were obvious seasonal variation characteristics except latent heat flux (LE), and they were from high to low in summer, spring, autumn and winter. There was an unclosed energy balance in the hinterland of the desert. The energy balance ratio (EBR) fluctuated slowly between 0 and 1 during daytime, and it fluctuated greatly at night. The surface energy balance closure condition was 0.827 in the daytime and 0.410 at night. The surface energy balance closure condition from high to low in summer (0.893), spring (0.835), autumn (0.787), winter (0.698). Under different typical weather conditions, the EBR from high to low under sunny day, cloudy day, sandstorm conditions, and the EBR changed little on sunny day and cloudy day, which accorded with the general variation law of EBR, during sandstorm weather process EBR appeared instantaneous abnormal closure phenomenon.