Real-time identification of cloud microphysical characteristics and seeding ability of stratiform cloud precipitation system is beneficial for improving the understanding of the catalytic potential of stratiform cloud precipitation system, and providing technical support for real-time identification of artificial rainfall enhancement. The microphysical characteristics and the seeding ability of stratiform cloud in the middle of Inner Mongolia were analyzed by using airborne detection data of 8 stratiform cloud aircraft operations from 2018 to 2019. The results show that the occurring frequencies of cloud water, liquid water, and supercooled water in stratiform clouds are 59.97%, 82.99% and 70.84%, respectively. The liquid water content is mainly concentrated between 0.001 and 0.100 g·m^-3, while the supercooled water content is mainly distributed between 0.010 and 0.100 g·m^-3, which indicates good potential for crystal seeding catalysis. The average number concentration of large cloud particles is 8 cm^-3, and the number concentration more than 20 cm^-3 accounted for 14.10%. The small cloud particle number concentration is 20 cm^-3 on average, and the number concentration greater than 20 cm^-3 accounted for 28.54%. More than 70% cloud particles are located in the negative temperature region, and the particle number concentration is generally small. When the number concentration of small cloud particle reaches 15 cm^-3, the cloud region has certain seeding ability, while when the number concentration of large cloud particle is less than 10 cm^-3, the cloud region has highly seeding ability.

The analysis of cloud macro and micro physical characteristics was conductive to improve the understanding of cloud bodies and provide technical support for local scientific artificial precipitation enhancement. The microphysical characteristics of stratiform cloud were analyzed by using an aircraft detection data and sounding data in middle region of Inner Mongolia on May 10, 2018. Affected by 500 hPa upper trough and Hetao cyclone, a stable stratiform cloud precipitation occurred in middle region of Inner Mongolia. The number concentration of precipitation particles and cloud particles were small in the middle and lower part of the stratiform cloud, and the vertical and horizontal distribution of cloud microphysical parameters showed obvious heterogeneity. The cloud particle spectrum presented a single peak distribution and generally a decreasing trend. The aircraft detection data showed 63.53% of cloud water content was greater than 0.002 g·m^-3, 83.2% of super-cooled water content was greater than 0.010 g·m^-3, and the super-cooled water content ranged from 0.010 to 0.050 g·m^-3. There were areas with small natural ice crystals and relatively abundant super-cooled water in cloud with lower temperature, which had good crystal introduction and catalytic potential.

Based on the WRF model, a hail process was analyzed and simulated in central Inner Mongolia on 29 July 2015. The influence of cumulus and microphysics parameterization schemes on hail simulation was discussed preliminarily. The temporal changes of the mass concentration of liquid and solid precipitation particles were affected by microphysics and cumulus parameterization schemes, and water vapor and energy and dynamic conditions were mainly affected by cumulus parameterization scheme. Considering the threat score (TS) of different grades precipitation and the simulation effect of the two convective processes in Hohhot, KF scheme was better, followed by G3 and GD, and BMJ was worse in four kinds of cumulus parameterization schemes. Meanwhile Lin and WSM6 schemes were better in five kinds of microphysics parameterization schemes. WSM6-KF scheme had advantages in simulation of temporal changes of precipitation particles, water vapor and energy and dynamic conditions.