An in-depth understanding of the daily variation characteristics of precipitation at classified stations is essential for optimizing and improving accurate forecasting methods. Based on the hourly precipitation observation data from 105 national meteorological stations in Xinjiang during the warm season (May to September) from 2010 to 2019, the stations were classified using the K-means clustering method, and the precipitation characteristics of each category of stations were analyzed according to hourly average precipitation amount, precipitation frequency, and precipitation intensity. The results show that the stations in Xinjiang can be classified into four categories: southern Xinjiang and desert areas (Class I), Tianshan Mountains (Class II), northern Xinjiang and the southern slope of the West Tianshan Mountains (Class III), and valley areas (Class IV). The clustering result is similar to that of classifications based on geographic location and topographic height but it is more detailed and scientific. The distribution of cumulative precipitation and precipitation hours of four types of stations is relatively concentrated, with annual average cumulative precipitation of 54, 354, 110, and 217 mm, corresponding to 67, 311, 118, and 213 hours, respectively. The diurnal variation of precipitation frequency in the warm season at most stations in Xinjiang follows a ‘single-peak’ pattern, but the times of the peaks and valleys vary depending on altitude differences. Precipitation and precipitation intensity generally follow a ‘multi-peak’ structure, and hourly precipitation intensity greater than 1 mm mainly concentrated at Class II stations, with the peaks occurring at 16:00—17:00. Precipitation and precipitation frequency are highest in June and lowest in September. The monthly distribution and the month-to-month diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation intensity differ significantly, but the peak intensity does not show a notable difference. In 2016, all three precipitation indicators characteristics during the warm season were significantly higher than those of other years. In 2010, Class I stations had the highest precipitation intensity, and the precipitation amount and frequency reached a secondary peak, while the changes at the other categories of stations were relatively small.