Journal of Arid Meteorology
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YAN Zhenning1, MA Xueqian2
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Published:
燕振宁1,马学谦2
Abstract:
Based on the precipitable water vapor (PWV ) of four sounding stations and NCEP grid data, the air temperature and precipitation at ground meteorological stations in Qinghai Province, the characteristics of PWV in different climatic regions in the Qinghai Plateau and the relationship between PWV and air temperature, precipitation were investigated. The results show that the variation trend of NCEP PWV was generally consistent with the PWV estimated by using sounding data. There were remarkable differences about the seasonal and ten-day change features of PWV in different stations. The lower the altitude was, the higher the PWV was, and it had more close relation with topography. Also, it was clearly indicated that PWV in higher elevation areas was largely related to atmospheric circulations and weather systems. It was also concluded that precipitation more than 10 mm was directly proportional to the PWV with higher transformation rate from water vapor into precipitation. There was no obvious correlation between precipitable water vapor and small or no precipitation, and the transformation rate was lower. In addition, although precipitation was proportional to temperature and PWV , temperature and PWV could not be applied to entirely determine precipitation because of complicated rainfall processes occurring in the Qinghai plateau.
Key words: precipitable water vapor, different regions, the Qinghai Plateau
摘要:
利用青海省4个探空站和NCEP格点站的大气水汽含量及对应地面站温度和降水资料,对比分析青海高原不同气候区的大气水汽含量及其与气温、降水之间的相互关系。结果表明:青藏高原地区NCEP水汽含量与L波段探空估算的水汽含量变化趋势基本一致。4站大气水汽含量的季节和旬变化特征有明显差异,测站海拔越低大气水汽含量越高且与所处地理位置和地形有关,测站海拔越高时大气水汽含量与大气环流和天气系统密切相关。大于10 mm降水与水汽含量呈正比关系,水汽转化为降水的转化率较高;小降水和无降水与水汽含量关系不明确,水汽转化为降水的转化率较低。虽然降水与温度和水汽含量有一定的正比关系,但青海高原地区降水的产生过程复杂,因而不能用温度和大气水汽含量完全确定能否产生降水。
关键词: 大气水汽含量, 不同地区, 青海高原
YAN Zhenning1, MA Xueqian2. Comparison and Analysis of Precipitable Water Vapor in Different Regions of the Qinghai Plateau[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2018)-03-0365.
燕振宁1,马学谦2. 青海高原不同地区大气水汽含量对比分析[J]. 干旱气象, DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2018)-03-0365.
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URL: http://www.ghqx.org.cn/EN/10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2018)-03-0365
http://www.ghqx.org.cn/EN/Y2018/V36/I3/365