Journal of Arid Meteorology ›› 2010, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 375-383.

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Climate Change and Impact on Water Level of the Qinghai Lake Watershed

YI Mo-Juan1,2, LI Xiao-Yan1,2, CUI Bu-Li2, MA Yo-Jun2   

  1. (1.State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology;Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;
    2.College of Resource Science and Technology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)
  • Received:2010-10-15 Revised:2010-11-05 Online:2010-12-31 Published:2010-12-31

青海湖流域气候变化及其对湖水位的影响

伊万娟1,2李小雁1,2崔步礼2马育军2   

  1. (1.北京师范大学;地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875;2.北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875)
  • 作者简介:伊万娟(1986-),女,青海西宁人,硕士生,研究方向生态水文学.
  • 基金资助:

    “十一五”国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAC30B02)及教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-08-0056)共同资助

Abstract:

The meteorological and lake water level data from Gangcha and Tianjun meteorological stations around the Qinghai Lake during 1958-2009 were used to analyze the air temperature,precipitation,drought index and geotemperature characteristics of Qinghai Lake watershed and their impacts on the lake water level.The results are as follows:(1)The midterm of the 1980s witnessed the climate change from warm-dry to warm-wet and it became warmer and wetter since 2000.(2)The ascending tendency of geotemperature was more remarkable than that of air temperature with 0.49-0.64℃rise per decade for 5-320 cm geotemperature and 0.27-0.31℃per decade(p<0.01)for air temperature.(3)Geotemperature had more apparent linear relationship with water level of Qinhai Lake than air temperature,which Pearson correlation coefficient was-0.66--0.8(p<0.01),and it became more significant with the increase of soil depth.(4)The current drought conditions affected the water level variation of the second year,and the effect of precipitation and temperature on the water level of the next year is greater than that of the current year.(5)Pearson correlation and regression analysis indicated that the change of winter temperature had a negative correlation with water level of Qinhai Lake in the next year(p<0.01),while the autumn precipitation had a significant positive correlation with water level in the next year(p<0.01).

Key words: Qinghai Lake, climate change, water level, drought index, geotemperature

摘要:

选取青海湖流域1958~2009年刚察和天峻气象站的气象资料及青海湖水位资料,分析了流域的气温、降水、干旱指数和地温的变化特征及对青海湖水位的影响。研究得出:①20世纪80年代中期是青海湖流域气候由暖干向暖湿变化的转折时期,2000年后暖湿的气候特征更加明显;②气温和地温均呈现显著上升趋势,气温的变化率为0.27~0.31℃/10 a,5~320 cm地温的增加趋势比气温显著,变化率为0.49~0.64℃/10 a(P<0.01);③和气温相比,地温与水位的线性关系更明显,相关系数为-0.66~-0.8(P<0.01),随着土层深度的增加,线性关系增强;④当年的干旱情况影响次年水位的变化,降水和气温的变化对次年水位的影响大于对当年水位的影响;⑤当年的水位变化量与前一年冬季气温的变化量呈显著的负相关(P<0.01),与前一年秋季降水的变化量呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。

关键词: 青海湖, 气候变化, 水位, 干旱指数, 地温

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