Abstract:

The Rotated Principle Component (RPC) analysis is employed to diagnose the pentad rainfall over 621 stations and the daily
maximum and mi山mum temperature over 2 214 stations in China. Their leading modes and the associated eigenfunctions for four sea-
sons are obtained. Results show that these modes can well describe the regional characteristics in rainfall as well as temperature ,and be
used to specify different short一medium range weather regions over the whole country. Based on these ,252representative stations are
selected to present different weather characteristics. The rainfall and te}erature data of these stations can thus be considered as the
basic data required for the improvement of objective element forecasts and the expansion of weather services.

Key words: Rotated Principle Component , pentad rainfall, eigenmode, weather region, representative station

摘要：

运用旋转主分量方法对分布于全国621个站点的候降水量和2 214 个站的逐日最高最低气温进行分析，得到4个季节的降水气温主特征模态及其相对应的时间变率_分祈结果表明，该方法所分解得到的特征模态较好地反映了全国不同区域降水温度演变的差别，依据各模态的相关系数将全国划分为不同的降水温度天气区。最后，获得表征全国不同天气特点的252个代表站，这些站的资料可作为提高要素客观'预报、扩展服务领域的基本资料。

关键词: 旋转主分量, 候降水量, 特征模态, 天气区, 代表站