Analysis of ozone vertical distribution and meteorological factors during ozone heavy pollution events in southern Hebei Province

doi:10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2024)-04-0611

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, ozone pollution has become a prominent problem affecting the air quality in spring and summer in southern Hebei. It is of great significance to explore the characteristics of ozone heavy pollution events and meteorological factors for the fine management and prevention of atmospheric environment in this area. In this article, three severe ozone pollution events occurring in southern Hebei in late spring and early summer of 2017, 2019 and 2022 (referred to as “Case 1”, “Case 2” and “Case 3”, respectively) were selected, and the characteristics of heavy pollution events and meteorological factors were compared and analyzed by using environmental monitoring data and reanalysis data. The results show that the ozone mass concentration of the three heavy pollution events showed an S-shaped distribution in the vertical direction, and the diurnal variation of ozone mass concentration at the characteristic layer gradually weakened with increasing height. The three pollution events all had stratospheric ozone intrusion. The intrusion heights of Case 1 and Case 3 were higher, and the contribution to heavy pollution days was smaller. The stratospheric ozone intrusion height of Case 2 was lower. The diurnal variation of temperature and ozone mass concentration is positively correlated, and the temperature of each height layer in Case 3 is the highest. The relative humidity is negatively correlated with the diurnal variation of ozone mass concentration, and the smaller the humidity is, the higher the ozone mass concentration is. The stronger the upward movement in the middle and lower layers, the higher the extension height of high mass concentration ozone. The convergence ascending motion near the ground is dominant at night, which is conducive to the lifting of high-concentration ozone from the ground to the lower troposphere, and it is mainly divergent sinking during the day, and the higher ozone mass concentration in the residual layer increases the ground ozone mass concentration through vertical diffusion.

Key words: southern Hebei, ozone, vertical distribution, potential vorticity, meteorological factors

摘要：

近年来臭氧污染已成为影响河北南部春夏季空气质量的突出问题，探究臭氧重污染事件及气象因素特征对该地区大气环境精细化治理和防控有重要意义。选取2017、2019、2022年春末夏初发生在河北南部的3次臭氧重度污染事件（简称“个例1”、“个例2”、“个例3”），利用环境监测数据和再分析资料对重污染事件特征及气象因素进行对比分析。结果表明：3次臭氧重污染事件期间臭氧质量浓度在垂直方向上均呈S状分布；随高度增加特征层臭氧质量浓度日变化的特征逐渐减弱。3次污染事件均有平流层臭氧侵入，个例1和个例3侵入高度较高，对重污染日贡献较小，个例2平流层臭氧侵入高度更低。温度与臭氧质量浓度的日变化为正相关，个例3各高度层温度最高；相对湿度与臭氧质量浓度的日变化呈负相关，湿度越小臭氧质量浓度越高。中低层上升运动越强，高质量浓度臭氧伸展高度越高。近地面夜间以辐合上升运动为主，有利于将地面高质量浓度臭氧抬升到对流层低层；白天以辐散下沉为主，残留层较高质量浓度臭氧通过垂直扩散作用增加了地面臭氧质量浓度。

关键词: 河北南部, 臭氧, 垂直分布, 位涡, 气象因素

CLC Number:

P412.293

CHEN Ruimin, TIAN Xiuxia, WANG Rongying, WU Yan, LU Xichang. Analysis of ozone vertical distribution and meteorological factors during ozone heavy pollution events in southern Hebei Province[J]. Journal of Arid Meteorology, 2024, 42(4): 611-619.

陈瑞敏, 田秀霞, 王荣英, 吴雁, 卢西畅. 河北省南部臭氧重污染事件中臭氧垂直分布与气象因素分析[J]. 干旱气象, 2024, 42(4): 611-619.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab.1 Statistical overview of three severe O3 pollution weather events in southern Hebei

时段		优良站点数/个	轻度污染站点数/个	中度污染站点数/个	重度污染站点数/个	区域O₃平均质量浓度/（μg·m^-3）	过程O₃平均质量浓度/（μg·m^-3）
个例1 （2017年5月）	26日	0	0	4	0	225.8	230.9
	27日	0	0	1	3	270.0
	28日	0	0	0	4	280.5
	29日	0	4	0	0	184.0
	30日	0	4	0	0	194.3
个例2 （2019年6月）	13日	0	2	2	0	212.5	211.9
	14日	0	0	4	0	231.8
	15日	0	0	2	2	273.5
	16日	3	1	0	0	133.8
	17日	0	4	0	0	208.0
个例3 （2022年6月）	15日	0	1	3	0	215.3	247.2
	16日	0	0	4	0	257.3
	17日	0	0	1	3	274.3
	18日	0	0	4	0	241.8
	19日	0	0	4	0	247.3

Fig.1 The vertical profiles of regional average O3 mass concentration during three heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province

Fig.2 Time-height profiles of regional average O3 mass concentration during three O3 heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province （Unit： μg·m-3）

Fig.3 The variation of O3 mass concentration in different layers with time during three O3 heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province

Fig.4 Time-height profiles of regional average potential vorticity during three O3 heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province （Unit： 10-6 m2·K·s-1·kg-1）（Black solid line indicates that the PV value is equal to 2×10-6 m2·K·s-1·kg-1）

Fig.5 The variation of regional temperature at different layers with time during three O3 heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province

Fig.6 Time-height profiles of regional average relative humidity （isolines， Unit： %） and vertical velocity （color shaded， Unit： hPa·s-1） during three O3 heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province

Fig.7 Time-height profiles of regional average wind field （arrow vectors， Unit： m·s-1） and divergence field （color shaded， Unit： 10-5s-1） during three O3 heavy pollution periods in southern Hebei Province

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