Journal of Arid Meteorology ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 309-316.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2021)-02-0309

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Exploration of Climatotherapy Connotation Based on Migration of Longevous Siberian Crane and Its Enlightenment#br#

WANG Xinzi1, GUO Yong2, ZHENG Jiangping3, MA Pan1, LIN Yingyi1, YUE Man4, WANG Shigong1,5   

  1. 1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610225, China;
    2. Civil Affairs Department of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550004, China;
    3. Public Meteorological Service Centre of China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;
    4. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Research Center for Meteorological Environment and Human Health, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    5. Zunyi Work Center of Academicians, Key Laboratory of Climate Environment and Health Care, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou, China
  • Online:2021-04-30 Published:2021-05-07

长寿鸟白鹤迁徙的气候养生内涵探析及启示

王馨梓1,郭勇2,郑江平3,马盼1,林颖仪1,乐满4,王式功1,5   

  1. 1.成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川 成都 610225;
    2.贵州省民政厅,贵州 贵阳 550004;
    3.中国气象局公共气象服务中心,北京 100081;
    4.兰州大学大气科学学院,气象环境与人体健康研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    5.遵义院士工作中心,气候环境与医疗康养重点实验室,贵州 遵义 563000
  • 通讯作者: 王式功(1955— ),男,教授,主要从事环境气象和医疗气象方面的研究. E-mail: wangsg@cuit.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王馨梓(1996— ),女,硕士生,主要从事医疗气象方面的研究.
  • 基金资助:
    中国气象局公共服务中心2020年度创新基金重点项目(K2020010)和海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室开放基金项目(SCSF202007)共同资助

Abstract: Based on the daily meteorological observation data at 17 weather stations of China and NCEP reanalysis data along the migration route of Siberian Crane during 1959-2018, the variation ranges of main meteorological elements in habitats and resting places of Siberian Crane were analyzed. Combined with the meteorological observation data at 547 weather stations in mainland of China from 1961 to 2019, the human body comfort degrees were respectively calculated and classified in habitats of Siberian Crane and mainland of China by using the human body comfort index and classification standard based on ‘the Golden Section’, and the characteristics of inner climatotherapy life during the migration of Siberian Crane were probed. The results show that the temperature in habitats and stopover places of Siberian Crane was from 0 ℃ to 15 ℃, and the relative humidity, average wind velocity and atmospheric pressure changed from 60% to 80%, 2 to 3 m·s-1 and 1005 hPa to 1018 hPa, respectively. In general, Siberian Crane aimed to the cool, humid, breezy and clear meteorological environment, they spent 90.83% time of a year living in cool, cooler or slightly cold zones. By migrating seasonally, they stayed away from extreme cold or heat to ensure longevity, which could provide better reference for the migratory-bird sojourn of elder people in China. The human body comfort degrees in mainland of China had obvious spatial difference and seasonal complementary characteristics. The climate in Northeast China, Northwest China and part areas of Southwest China was comfortable in summer, while in coastal areas of South China and Hainan it was comfortable in winter. The periods of generalized comfort level in major cities of China could be used as a reference for the migratory-bird sojourn of the elderly. In addition, the suitable stopover could buffer the significant change of meteorological environment between the origin and destination and make the body gradually to adapt the change during the travelling to escape the heat or cold, which would effectively reduce or avoid the travelling health risks due to the wide change of meteorological environment in short period.

Key words: Siberian Crane, seasonal migration, climatotherapy life, human body comfort degree, travelling health risk

摘要: 利用1959—2018年我国白鹤迁徙路线上17个气象站观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,以及1961—2019年中国大陆547个气象站观测资料,分析白鹤栖息地和迁徙途中主要气象要素变化范围,并采用基于“黄金分割法”的人体舒适度指数计算方法和等级划分标准,对白鹤栖息地以及中国大陆547个站点的人体舒适度进行分析,探究白鹤迁徙过程中蕴含的气候养生内涵。结果表明:白鹤栖息地及迁徙沿途停歇地的气温在0~15 ℃之间,相对湿度60%~80%,平均风速2~3 m·s-1,气压1005~1018 hPa,总体上白鹤以追求气候凉爽湿润、风轻天高为目标,全年90.83%的时间生活在凉爽、凉、微冷的等级范围内,通过迁徙“祛暑避寒”得以长寿,这为老年人群的候鸟式旅居提供很好的借鉴。中国大陆人体舒适度存在明显的空间差异和季节互补的特征。夏季,我国东北、西北及西南部分地区气候较为舒适;冬季,华南沿海、海南等地区气候较舒适。这些地区主要城市的广义舒适域时段,可为老年人群候鸟式旅居提供参考。此外,在避暑或御寒的旅居过程中,适当的中途停歇能够缓冲环境的不适应,从而有效降低或规避短时间内因气象要素变化大而造成的旅游健康风险。

关键词: 白鹤, 季节迁徙, 气候养生, 人体舒适度, 旅游健康风险

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