Abstract:  A questionnaire survey was conducted on the public perception of climate change in northern Xinjiang, which was located in the key area of the “One Belt and One Road”, and perception and adaptation of residents there to climate change were analyzed. The results show that residents had an objective and clear perception of climate change, and women had higher attention and cognition of climate change and meteorological disasters. In term of adapting to drought and water shortage caused by climate change, residents had the highest recognition of infrastructure construction such as “reservoir construction”. Besides, the males were inclined to “promote water-saving techniques such as sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation”, while the females were inclined to “reduce domestic water consumption”. The males were inclined to change lifestyle, while women were inclined to learn relevant professional skills  about meteorological disaster and climate change after experiencing extreme weather. In term of preventing meteorological disasters, local governments should pay more attention to establish the relief fund for disaster prevention, strengthen the social security and improve the ability of disaster prevention and reduction.

Key words: Key words: climate change, meteorological disasters, gender, adaptation strategies

摘要： 针对位于“一带一路”重点区域的北疆地区民众对气候变化的认知与适应行为开展调查研究，分析当地居民对气候变化的感知和适应情况。结果表明：公众对气候变化的感知较为清晰，女性对气候变化及气象灾害的关注和相对感知强度更高。在适应气候变化引起的干旱缺水方面，“修水库”等基础设施建设的认可度最高，除此之外，男性更倾向于“推广喷灌、滴灌等节水技术”等技术性的方法，而女性却更倾向于“减少生活用水”。经历极端灾害性天气后，男性倾向于“调整生活方式”来应对气候变化，而女性却更倾向于“学习气象灾害和气候变化相关的专业知识和技能”。在防御气象灾害方面，当地政府应当重视建立灾害防御救济基金、加大社会保障力度，提高防灾减灾能力。

关键词: 关键词：气候变化, 气象灾害, 性别, 适应对策