Abstract: Based on the gale observation data at Pudong and Nanhui national weather stations and twelve automatic weather stations and surface roughness data along the rail transit line 16 of Shanghai, the temporal and spatial characteristics of wind speed, wind direction and gust factor were studied on the rail transit line 16 and surroundings, the driving risks of train under dominant wind directions were discussed, and the suggestions of wind measurement equipment layout on elevated section of the rail transit line 16 were given. The results show that it was necessary to carry out more dense observation of wind speed and wind direction, especially pay a close attention to severe convection weathers in summer. During the influence of typhoon processes on Shanghai, the differences of wind speed between adjacent automatic weather stations near Luoshanlu station and Zhoupudong-Xinchang, Yeshengdongwuyuan-Huinandong, Shuyuan-Lingangdadao sections of the rail transit line 16 were quite obvious, and the influences of surface roughness on wind speed at Longyanglu-Luoshanlu, Yeshengdongwuyuan-Huinandong sections and Dishuihu station were greater, while the wind directions of Longyanglu-Luoshanlu, Zhoupudong-Xinchang and Yeshengdongwuyuan-Huinandong sections were quite different. It is suggested that the section of Longyanglu-Luoshanlu and Zhoupudong-Xinchang along the rail transit line 16 should be added an automatic weather station, respectively.

Key words: rail transit, gale characteristics, layout of wind measurement equipment, gust factor, surface roughness

摘要： 基于上海浦东、南汇国家基本气象站历史大风观测资料和近年来轨道交通16号线沿线自动气象站大风观测资料以及地表粗糙度资料，研究16号线及周边区域风速、风向、阵风系数的时空分布特征，探讨主导风向下的行车风险，并给出16号线高架地面段测风设备布点建议。结果表明：上海轨道交通16号线周边需开展较为密集的风速和风向布点观测，尤其对夏季强对流天气应特别关注。台风过程影响期间，16号线沿线临近自动气象站中罗山路站附近段、周浦东—新场段、野生动物园—惠南东段和书院—临港大道段风速差异较大，且地表粗糙度对龙阳路—罗山路段、野生动物园—惠南东段和滴水湖站的风速影响较大，而龙阳路—罗山路段、周浦东—新场段和野生动物园—惠南东段风向差异较大，建议在龙阳路—罗山路和周浦东—新场区段各增加1个自动站。

关键词: 轨道交通, 大风特征, 测风设备布点, 阵风系数, 地表粗糙度