Abstract:  Based on the monthly mean temperature from 105 meteorological observation stations in Xinjiang from 2007 to 2016, five geographical factors  including longitude, latitude, slope, aspect and elevation were extracted from the digital elevation model (DEM),  and the correlation between the mean temperature  and the geographical factors was analyzed. Ordinary kriging, ordinary co-kriging and multiple linear regression spatial interpolation methods were selected to make air temperature interpolation in the north and the south region of the Tianshan moutains. The precisions of interpolated temperature were compared in the north and south regions of the Tianshan Moutains by using error analysis and correlation analysis. The results show that the ordinary kriging method was the best in summer and the ordinary co-kriging method was the best in winter, while the interpolation accuracy of the multiple linear regression method was the lowest in the north and south regions of the Tianshan Mountains. Because of climate difference between the north and south regions of the Tianshan Mountains, the interpolation accuracy of  ordinary kriging and ordinary co-kriging methods was better in the north and south regions of the Tianshan Mountains. Because of the influence of seasonal characteristics, the best method was the ordinary kriging from April to September, and the ordinary co-kriging method was the best from October to March in the north and south regions of the Tianshan Mountains. But in the south region of the Tianshan Mountains, ordinary co-kriging method was better than the others from March to September, and ordinary co-kriging method was the best from October to February.

Key words:  spatial interpolation, temperature, DEM, different climate zones

摘要： 基于2007—2016年新疆105个气象观测站月平均气温数据，利用GIS技术提取数字高程模型（DEM）中的经度、纬度、坡度、坡向和高程，分析气温与各地形要素之间的关系，选取普通克里金、协同克里金、多元线性回归3种空间插值方法，分别对天山以北和天山以南的气温进行插值，并通过误差分析和相关性分析对插值精度进行对比检验。结果表明：无论是天山以北还是天山以南区域，普通克里金方法更适用于夏季，协同克里金方法则更适用于冬季，多元线性回归法的整体插值精度最低。因天山南北气候差异因素，普通克里金法和协同克里金法在天山以北的插值精度优于天山以南。同时受季节特征影响，天山以北4—9月普通克里金法最优，10月至次年3月协同克里金法最优；天山以南3—9月普通克里金法最优，10月至次年2月协同克里金法最优。

关键词: 空间插值, 气温, DEM, 气候分区