干旱气象

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卫星遥感技术在吉林旱涝灾害监测与评估中的应用

马艳敏1,2,郭春明1,2,李建平1,2,陈立文1,2,王杰3,王颖1,2   

  1. 1.吉林省气象科学研究所,吉林长春130062;2.长白山气象与气候变化吉林省重点实验室,
    吉林长春130062;3.山东理工大学交通与车辆工程学院,山东淄博255000
  • 出版日期:2019-02-28 发布日期:2019-02-28
  • 作者简介:作者简介:马艳敏(1987— ),女,工程师,主要从事气象卫星遥感研究. E-mail:mayanmin87@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:

    吉林省气象局科研课题“基于变化矢量分析的植被遥感监测与评估方法研究”(201707)和“NPP卫星数据在吉林省遥感业务中的应用研究”(201808)共同资助

Application of Satellite Remote Sensing Technology in Drought and Flood Monitoring and Impact Assessment in Jilin Province

MA Yanmin 1,2, GUO Chunming 1,2, LI Jianping 1,2,CHEN Liwen 1,2, WANG Jie3, WANG Ying 1,2   

  1. 1. Meteorological Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China;
    2. Jilin Province Key Laboratory for Changbai Mountain Meteorology and Climate Change, Changchun 130062, China;
    3. School of Transportation and Vehicle Engnieering of Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
  • Online:2019-02-28 Published:2019-02-28

摘要:

基于NOAA、EOS/MODIS、HJ-1A多源卫星数据,利用植被供水指数、水体指数,对吉林省2015年伏旱、2017年7月暴雨洪涝灾害进行遥感监测和精细化定量评估分析。结果表明:(1)2015年7月吉林省中西部旱情逐步发展; 8月初,各县(市)旱田均有不同程度的干旱发生,重度干旱面积小,轻度干旱面积大,中度干旱次之。其中农安县受旱最重,其次为九台市和通榆县,利用实地调查点观测数据进行检验得出干旱监测的准确率达79%。(2)2017年7月13日、19日暴雨过后,永吉县境内的河流河段明显增宽、水库面积明显增大,新增水域面积较多的为一拉溪镇、万昌镇、口前镇,水淹旱田面积较多的为口前镇、一拉溪镇、西阳镇。

关键词: 遥感技术, 旱涝灾害, 监测与评估, 吉林省

Abstract:

:Based on the NOAA, EOS/MODIS, and HJ-1A multi-source satellite data, the remote sensing monitoring and quantitative assessment of summer drought in 2015 and storm floods in July 2017 in Jilin Province were conducted by using the vegetation water supply index and water body index. The meteorological observation data and field survey data  were used to verify its correctness. The results are as follows: (1) The drought developed gradually in western Jilin Province in July 2015. In early August, fields of counties (cities) in the central and western regions of Jilin Province all occurred drought with different degrees. The area of severe drought was small, while that of mild drought was large, followed by  that of moderate drought. Among the counties (cities), Nongan County suffered the heaviest drought, followed by Jiutai City and Tongyu County. Drought monitoring accuracy reached 79% by using observed data from investigation site. (2) Flood disaster occurred in Yongji County after heavy rains on 13, 19 July, 2017. The width of Yinma river, Chalu river, Wende river, Aolong river increased significantly. The area of Shitoukoumen reservoir and Xingxingshao reservoir also increased obviously. The area of water flooded farmland mainly distributed in the Kouqian, Yilaxi, Xiyang and Beidahu town.

Key words:  satellite remote sensing technology, drought and flood disaster, monitoring and assessment, Jilin