关键词: 大气水汽含量, 不同地区, 青海高原

Abstract:

Based on the precipitable water vapor (PWV ) of four sounding stations and NCEP grid data, the air temperature and precipitation at ground meteorological stations in Qinghai Province, the characteristics of PWV  in different climatic regions in the Qinghai Plateau and the relationship between PWV  and air temperature,  precipitation were investigated. The results show that the variation trend of NCEP PWV  was generally consistent with the PWV estimated by using sounding data. There were remarkable differences about the seasonal and ten-day change features of PWV in different stations. The lower the altitude was, the higher the PWV was, and it  had more close relation with topography. Also, it was clearly indicated that PWV  in higher elevation areas was largely related to atmospheric circulations and weather systems. It was also concluded that precipitation more than 10 mm was directly proportional to the PWV  with higher transformation rate from water vapor into precipitation. There was no obvious correlation between precipitable water vapor and small or no precipitation,  and the transformation rate was lower. In addition, although precipitation was proportional to temperature and PWV , temperature and PWV  could not be applied to entirely determine precipitation because of complicated rainfall processes occurring in the Qinghai plateau.

Key words:  precipitable water vapor, different regions, the Qinghai Plateau