干旱气象

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高速公路交通气象监测预报服务研究进展

康延臻1王式功1,2杨旭1李景鑫3徐文君4尚可政1   

  1. 1.兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000;
    2.成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,高原大气与环境四川省重点实验室,四川成都610225;
    3.中国气象科学研究院,北京100081;4.中国人寿财产保险兰州分公司,甘肃兰州730000
  • 出版日期:2016-08-31 发布日期:2016-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 王式功(1955- ),男,山东安丘人,教授,主要从事现代天气预报技术研究. E-mail:wangsg@lzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:康延臻(1992- ),男,山东鄄城人,硕士研究生,主要从事现代天气预报技术研究. E-mail:kangyz10@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家基础科技条件平台建设“交通安全与健康出行气象保障服务专题”(rkpt-2015)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306047)和兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费(lzujbky-2013-m03)共同资助

Progress of Traffic Meteorological Researches About Monitoring and Forecasting Services on Express Highways

KANG Yanzhen1, WANG Shigong1,2, YANG Xu1LI Jingxin3, XU Wenjun4, SHANG Kezheng1   

  1. 1. College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and
     Disaster Reducing of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000,China; 2. College of Atmospheric Sciences,
     Chengdu University of Information Technology, Sichuan Key Laboratory for Plateau Atmosphere and
     Environment, Chengdu 610225, China; 3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing
     100081, China; 4. China Life Property Insurance Co., LTD., Lanzhou Branch, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Online:2016-08-31 Published:2016-08-31
  • Contact: 王式功(1955- ),男,山东安丘人,教授,主要从事现代天气预报技术研究. E-mail:wangsg@lzu.edu.cn

摘要:

高速公路交通运输是国民经济建设和民众出行的大动脉,它对气象条件具有高敏感性。不利的天气条件易导致交通事故频发,造成财产损失和人员伤亡,已成为社会各界广泛关注的热点问题。本文系统梳理了国内外高速公路交通气象监测预报服务研究进展,重点介绍高速公路交通气象监测预报研究发展历程,分析几类恶劣天气对交通运输安全的影响与机理,最后探讨了中国特色高速公路交通气象监测预报预警服务系统建设的内容、特点及趋势。结果表明,以雾为主的低能见度、道路积雪和结冰、强降水等是影响高速公路安全运行的主要气象因素。本研究旨在促进我国交通气象学科的发展,提升现代化高速公路交通气象监测预报预警服务水平,并为科学决策道路建设、防范和应对交通事故、保障财产和生命安全提供参考依据。

关键词: 高速公路, 交通气象, 交通安全, 监测预报, 恶劣天气, 预警服务

Abstract:

As an important department of the country, the expressway transport plays an increasingly significant role in economy development and resident trip. The highway traffic is highly sensitive to weather condition, and the adverse weather is easy to cause traffic interruption and accidents, and lead to property loss and casualties. Therefore, the highway traffic safety has become a new hot spot. In the paper, the research progresses of traffic meteorology on expressways about monitoring and forecast service in China and abroad were systematically combed. Firstly, the developments of traffic meteorology on highways about monitoring and forecast service in China and abroad were mainly introduced in detail. Then, the influences and mechanisms of several adverse weather conditions on traffic transportation safety were summarized. Finally, the content, characteristics and trend of the intelligent traffic meteorological monitoring and warning service system on highways in China were discussed. The results showed that the low visibility (fog mostly), heavy rainfall, road surface icing and snow were the main influential factors for the freeway operation and safety. The paper aims to promote the development of traffic meteorology in China, further improve the service ability of the monitoring, forecast and early warning of traffic meteorology on modern highways, and provide the reference for the scientific layout of road and prevention and response to traffic accidents to ensure the security of property and lives.

Key words: expressway, traffic meteorology, traffic safety, monitoring and forecast, adverse weather, early warning service

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