干旱气象

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武汉一次对流云火箭人工增雨作业的综合观测分析

李德俊1,唐仁茂2,江鸿2,袁正腾1,陈英英1,熊洁1   

  1. 1.湖北省气象服务中心,湖北武汉430205;2.湖北省武汉市气象局,湖北武汉430040
  • 出版日期:2016-04-30 发布日期:2016-04-30
  • 作者简介:李德俊,主要从事大气物理、雷达和卫星资料分析应用研究. E-mail:esldj@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(气象)科研专项“江淮对流云结构特征及增雨作业指标研究”第五专题(GYHY201306040-05)、湖北省气象局科技发展基金“湖北不同云系增雨概念模型研究(2016Y06)”、“武汉市空气污染物浓度等级下降的降水阈值研究(2016Q02)”、“基于多种遥感反演资料的湖北省空中云水资源评估(2011Y06)”共同资助

Analysis on Comprehensive Observation of an Artificial Precipitation Enhancement Operation for Convective Clouds in Wuhan

LI Dejun1, TANG Renmao2, JIANG Hong2, YUAN Zhengteng1, CHEN Yingying1, XIONG Jie1   

  1. 1. Hubei Provincial Meteorological Service Center, Wuhan 430205, China;
    2. Wuhan Meteorological Bureau of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430040, China
  • Online:2016-04-30 Published:2016-04-30

摘要:

为了收集整理对流云人工增雨效果的相关证据,利用雨滴谱、GPS/MET水汽、多普勒雷达和地面分钟雨量观测资料,对2014年9月28~29日武汉一次对流云火箭人工增雨作业过程进行效果分析检验。结果表明:(1)对流层中低层上干下湿结构有利于对流发生,作业前水汽向武汉附近集中,雷达回波顶高为10 km左右,且作业目标云处于新生或发展阶段,具有较好的作业条件;(2)通过催化目标云与对比云的对比分析发现,催化后对流单体的最大反射率因子、回波顶高、垂直液态水含量和强回波面积等物理参量均出现不同程度增长,整个生命史延长30 min以上,其中F1对流单体经催化后在00:33~00:51经过武汉观测站,形成的降水粒子在1.85 mm粒径处出现峰值,且粒径和数浓度快速增长至最大;(3)3个目标云此次催化后的增雨率均超过36%。

关键词: 雨滴谱, 对流单体, 催化目标云, 对比云, 增雨率

Abstract:

In order to collect and collate the relevant evidences of artificial precipitation operation for convective clouds, based on the raindrop spectrum of LNM and sounding data in Wuhan station, GPS/MET water vapour data, Doppler radar data and minutely precipitation from atuomatic weather stations, etc, the seeding conditions and developments of convective clouds over Wuhan and surrounding regions from 28 to 29 September 2014 were studied, and then the effect of artificial precipitation operation was analyzed and tested. The results are as follows: (1) The thermodynamic structures with upper dry and lower wet at the middle and low troposphere were conductive to air convection in the atmosphere, and the height of radar echo top was 10 km above with a lot of supercooled water, the seeded clouds were in borning and developing stage, which provided the better seeding conditions. (2) Compared with the contrastive clouds, the physical parameters of the seeding convective cells such as the maximum reflectivity factor, echo top height, vertical integrated liquid water content and strong echo area, etc, appearred an increase in varying degrees after the seeding, and the whole life of the seeding convective cells extended 31 - 72 min, thereinto the seeding F1 cells combined with B0 cells at 00:32 BST 29 September 2014, which passed over Wuhan observatory from 00:33 BST to 00:51 BST 29 September, and the peak of precipitation particles appeared at 1.85 mm of particle sizes, the particle size and number concentration increased rapidly to the maximum. (3) The precipatation of three seeding clouds increased by above 36% compared with the concrastive clouds.

Key words: raindrop spectrum of LNM, convective cells, seeding cloud, contrastive cloud, rate of precipitation enhancement

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