干旱气象 ›› 2015, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 1-18.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2015)-01-0001

• 综述 •    下一篇

遥感干旱应用技术进展及面临的技术问题与发展机遇

郭 铌王小平   

  1. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省(中国气象局) ,干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 出版日期:2015-02-28 发布日期:2015-02-28

Advances and Developing Opportunities in Remote Sensing of Drought

GUO NiWANG Xiaoping   

  1.  Institute of Arid Meteorology,CMA;Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province;Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA,Lanzhou 730020,China
  • Online:2015-02-28 Published:2015-02-28

摘要:

干旱是全球各地区普遍存在的一种气候现象,也是对人类社会影响最为严重的一种自然灾害。全球气候变化和社会发展加剧了干旱的影响程度,增强了干旱灾害的风险,给全球农业水资源生态环境安全以及社会可持续发展造成巨大威胁,提高干旱监测和早期预警技术水平是应对。管理干旱和减轻干旱脆弱性的基础。近30 a来随着全球对地观测技术的迅速发展,卫星遥感监测干旱技术取得很大进步,在全球干旱监测和早期预警中发挥着不可替代的作用但是,干旱是多学科交叉的复杂问题,其发展过程缓慢时间和空间表现特征差异很大,遥感监测干旱技术在应用中还存在许多技术问题,对抗旱防灾提供支撑的力度仍不够。本文在简要总结卫星遥感监测干旱应用技术的基础上,对各种指数(模型)应用中存在的问题进行评述,指出卫星遥感干旱监测面临的主要技术问题和未来发展机遇;针对我国卫星遥感干旱应用现状,提出了亟待解决的主要问题和应该努力的方向。

 

关键词: 干旱, 卫星, 遥感, 干旱指数, 进展

Abstract:

Drought is a natural climate phenomenon occurring throughout the world,which is one of the most severe natural hazards that affects the society and brings the economic losses. In recent years,the global climate change and society development increased the degree of drought influence and risk,which brought a great threat to global agriculture,water resourse,ecological environment security and the sustainable development of the society.Thus,to improve the drought monitoring and early warning technology level is the foundation to deal with drought and alleviate the drought vulnerability.Satellite remote sensing technology has made great progress in drought monitoring and plays an irreplaceable role in global drought monitoring and early warning with the development of the earth observation technology in recent thirty years. However,it is not enough to provide support for drought disaster prevention and mitigation,for the drought is a complex problem needed interdisciplinary study,and its spatial and temporal characteristics differences are greatly.In this paper,we reviewed and summarized the drought monitoring technology of satellite remote sensing,evaluated and discussed the various problems existing in remote sensing drought indices and models,indicated the main technical problems of satellite remote sensing drought monitoring and the future development opportunities,and put forward the main problems to be solved and the direction should effort in view of the current situation of China s satellite remote sensing drought application.

Key words: drought, satellite, remote sensing, drought index, advances

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