干旱气象

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安徽省夏玉米生长季干旱时空特征分析

张建军1盛绍学2王晓东1   

  1. 1. 安徽省气象科学研究所,安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230031;
    2. 安徽省气象信息中心,安徽 合肥 230031
  • 出版日期:2014-04-18 发布日期:2014-04-18
  • 作者简介:张建军(1982 - ),男,汉族,山东聊城人,工程师,主要从事农业气候资源分析与评价工作. E - mail:jianjun_z@163. com
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业(气象)科研专项“夏玉米高产稳产气象保障关键技术研究”(GYHY201006041)、“淮河流域主要农作物旱涝损失精细化评估技术”(GYHY201006027)资助

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Drought During Summer Corn Growing Season in Anhui Province

ZHANG Jianjun1SHENG Shaoxue2WANG Xiaodong1   

  1. 1. Institute of Meteorological Sciences of Anhui Province,Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Satellite remote Sensing of Anhui Province,Hefei 230031,China;
    2. Meteorological Information Centre of Anhui Province,Hefei 230031,China
  • Online:2014-04-18 Published:2014-04-18

摘要:

利用安徽省夏玉米主产区 37 个气象站点 1961 ~2010 年的气象资料,选取修订后的作物水分亏缺指数作为表征夏玉米干旱的指标,分析了安徽省夏玉米生长季内干旱频率的时空分布特征及表征干旱风险大小的干旱风险度的时空特征。结果表明:近 50 a 安徽省夏玉米不同发育阶段水分亏缺指数未发生显著变化,但夏玉米成熟后期的干旱现象有加重趋势;抽雄开花期是干旱频率及干旱风险较高的时段;从空间分布特征看,干旱频率与干旱风险度的空间分布特征相似,夏玉米营养生长阶段二者的高值区在淮北北部,而在夏玉米生长中后期,干旱主要发生在沿淮西部和江淮南部。整个生长季内,沿淮淮北西部是干旱高发和高风险区。

关键词: 夏玉米, 作物水分亏缺指数, 干旱, 频率, 风险度

Abstract:

Based on observation data from 37 meteorological stations during 1961 - 2010 in Anhui Province,the temporal and spatial
distribution characteristics of the drought frequency and the risk degree of drought were analyzed by using the modified crop water defi-
cit index (CWDI) as an indicator of characterizing drought in summer corn growing season. The results showed that the crop water def-
icit index during different development stages of summer corn did not change obviously in recent 50 years in Anhui. The crop water def-
icit index from sowing to booting - flower stage of summer corn showed a downward trend,and it had an increase trend during grain fill-
ing and ripening stage. Drought in the late growing stage of summer corn had an increasing trend. The seeding stage,booting - flower
stage and the late growing stage of summer corn were the high frequency periods of drought,while seedling and jointing stages were the
low frequency periods of drought. The spatial distribution of drought frequency was similar to that of drought risk degree,the high value
areas were in the north of Huaibei during the vegetative growth phase of summer corn,while during the middle and late growing stages
of summer corn,drought occurred mainly in the western the southern areas of the Huaihe river,and throughout the growing season of
summer corn,the western area of Huaibei was the high frequency and high risk region of drought.

Key words:  summer corn, crop water deficit index, drought, frequency, risk degree

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