干旱气象

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甘肃民勤自动站与人工站气象观测数据差异分析

陈 英1,2谢万银1,2徐 彬1,2   

  1. 1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020;
    2.甘肃省民勤县气象局,甘肃 民勤 733300
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-02 修回日期:2013-05-27 出版日期:2013-09-30 发布日期:2013-09-30
  • 作者简介:陈英(1972 - ),女,甘肃民勤,大专,工程师,主要从事地面观测、酸雨和辐射及其研究工作. E - mail:346775684@ qq. com

Differences Between Automatic Weather Station Observations and Manual Station Data in Minqin of Gansu Province

CHEN Ying1,2XIE Wanyin1,2XU Bin1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province,Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA,Institute of Arid Meteorology,CMA; Lanzhou 730020,China;
    2. Minqin Meteorological Station,Minqin 733300,China
  • Received:2013-05-02 Revised:2013-05-27 Online:2013-09-30 Published:2013-09-30

摘要:

从自动站与人工站观测方式的区别入手,对民勤国家基准气候站观测的数据进行整理与对比分析得出:(1)2 种观测方式数据序列中,本站气压 2 a 平均差值为 0. 1 hPa,差值变幅在 -0. 3 ~0. 5hPa;气温 2 a 平均差值 -0. 1 ℃,差值变幅在 -0. 1 ~0. 0 ℃之间; 相对湿度2 a 平均差值为 -1%,差值变幅在 -4% ~2%之间;2 min 平均风速 2 a 平均差值为 0. 5 m/s,差值变幅在 0. 3 ~0. 7 m/s 之间,10 min 平均风速 2 a 平均差值为 0. 4 m/s,差值变幅在 0. 4 ~0. 5 m/s 之间;地面温度 2 a 平均差值为0. 6 ℃,差值变幅在 0. 0 ~1. 2 ℃之间。本站气压、气温、相对湿度、风向风速、地温差值虽然不固定,但对历史资料的序列连续性影响不显著;(2)各要素中差值最大的是地面最高温度,2 a 平均差值为1. 8 ℃,差值变幅在 -1. 7 ~4. 3 ℃之间;(3)自动站的观测结果比人工观测更真实、准确、科学,更接近大气中的实际情况。

 

关键词: 自动站, 人工站, 数据差异, 原因分析

Abstract:

From the differences between the two kinds of meteorological observation methods,the automatic and manual observations at
Minqin national reference climatic station were collected and contrasted. Results are as follows: (1) The average difference of station
pressure was 0. 1 hPa between the two data series and its amplitude ranged from -0. 3 to -0. 5 hPa; the average difference of temper-
ature in two years was -0. 1 ℃ and its amplitude was -0. 1 - 0. 0 ℃; the average difference of relative humidity was -1% in two
years and its amplitude was -4% - 2%; the two minutes average difference of wind speed was 0. 5 m/s in two years,its amplitude
was 0. 3 -0. 7 m/s,the ten minutes average difference of wind speed was 0. 4 m/s in two years,its amplitude was 0. 4 -0. 5 m/s; the
average difference of ground temperature in two years was 0. 6 ℃ and its amplitude ranged from 0 to 1. 2 ℃. Although the difference
values of station pressure,air temperature,relative humidity,wind speed and ground temperature were not fixed,but the sequence
continuity of the historical data were not significantly affected. (2)The difference of the maximum ground temperature between the two
data series was biggest,the two years average difference was 1. 8 ℃ and its amplitude ranged from -1. 7 to 4. 3 ℃. (3)The observa-
tion results from automatic weather station was more real,accurate,scientific and closer to the actual situation than those of manual ob-
servation.

Key words: automatic weather station, manual station, data differences, cause analysis

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