干旱气象 ›› 2021, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 54-64.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原西部一次高原涡生成的数值模拟研究

王溪雯1,张飞民1,王芝兰1,2,杨凯1,王澄海1   

  1. (1.甘肃省气候资源开发及防灾减灾重点实验室,兰州大学地球系统模式发展研究中心,
    兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730000;
    2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020)
  • 出版日期:2021-03-01 发布日期:2021-03-10
  • 作者简介:王溪雯(1998— ),女,硕士生,主要从事数值模拟研究. E-mail: wangxw2020@lzu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41805032、91837205和41975111)和甘肃省科协青年人才托举工程项目共同资助

Numerical Simulation Study of a Tibetan Plateau Vortex over the Western Tibetan Plateau

WANG Xiwen1, ZHANG Feimin1, WANG Zhilan1,2, YANG Kai1, WANG Chenghai1#br#

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  1. (1. Key Laboratory of Climate Resources Development and Disaster Prevention and Reduction
     of Gansu Province, Research and Development Center of Earth System Model (RDCM),
     College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Key Laboratory for Arid
     Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, China)
  • Online:2021-03-01 Published:2021-03-10

摘要: 使用ERA5、ERA-Interim和FNL 3种常用再分析/分析资料驱动WRF模式对2006年8月14日青藏高原西部的一次高原涡活动进行数值模拟,在评估不同再分析资料驱动WRF模式对高原涡的模拟能力基础上,利用涡度收支、视热源和视水汽汇方程,诊断分析高原涡生成过程中的热力和动力结构特征。结果表明,使用ERA5和ERA-Interim资料驱动WRF模式可模拟再现出此次高原涡的生成过程,其中ERA5对高原涡低层闭合性气旋环流和螺旋云带结构特征的模拟再现能力最好,模拟的高原涡及其降水强度最强;使用FNL资料驱动WRF模式无法模拟再现出高原涡生成过程及其降水分布特征。此次高原涡生成过程中气旋性正涡度的发展、热量和水汽的收支与其低层的垂直输送密切相关;高原涡生成前地表感热加热作用明显;生成阶段积云对流发展最为旺盛,降水最为显著,热量和水汽的垂直输送及相应的大气凝结潜热加热明显,对高原涡的发展有促进作用。

关键词: 关键词:高原涡生成, 青藏高原西部, WRF模式, 热动力结构特征

Abstract: A Tibetan Plateau Vortex (TPV) generated on the western Tibetan Plateau on 14 August 2006 was simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional model. Based on the evaluation of the performance of the WRF driven by different reanalysis/analysis datasets including the ERA5 and ERA-Interim data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast, and the final analysis data (FNL) of the global forecasting system of the National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) on the simulation of TPV, the kinematic and thermodynamic structures during the genesis of TPV were investigated through the equation of  vorticity budget, apparent heat source and apparent moisture sink. The results show that ERA5 and ERA-Interim could well reproduced the genesis of TPV. The ERA5 had the best ability to simulate the low-level cyclonic circulation, the spiral rainbands of TPV, and it produced the heaviest rainfall among three simulations. The FNL data could not portray the genesis of this TPV and its rainfall pattern. The development of positive vorticity, heat and moisture budgets during TPV generation were closely related to corresponding vertical transportation in lower troposphere. Before the genesis of TPV, surface sensible heating played an important role. During the development of TPV, strongest upward motion and most significant rainfall occurred, which was contributed mainly by obvious latent heating of condensation and eddy vertical transport process of heat and moisture, and conducive to the development of simulated vortex.


Key words: Key words: genesis of Tibetan Plateau vortex, western Tibetan Plateau, WRF model, characteristics of kinematic and thermodynamic structures