干旱气象 ›› 2020, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 313-318.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2020)-02-0313

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

毛乌素沙地东南缘沙柳群落凋落物分布特征

李强1,2,刘娜1,张正1,2,马春艳1,于卫洁1,2,南维鸽3   

  1. 1.榆林学院,陕西省陕北矿区生态修复重点实验室,陕西 榆林 719000;
    2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西 杨凌 712100;
    3.陕西师范大学,陕西 西安 710062
  • 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-04-28
  • 作者简介:李强(1986— ),男,陕西榆林人,博士,副教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀及植被固土效应研究. E-mail: mr.li_qiang@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41661101,41807521,41867015)和黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放项目(A3142018-01)共同资助

Distribution Characteristics of Salix Psammophila Litter in Southeastern Edge of Mu Us Sandy Land

LI Qiang1,2, LIU Na1, ZHANG Zheng1,2, MA Chunyan1,YU Weijie1,2, NAN Weige   

  1. 1. Yulin University, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration in Shanbei Mining Area,Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dry Land Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    3. Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
  • Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-04-28

摘要: 凋落物是毛乌素沙地生态系统的重要组成部分,其蓄积量及再分配过程是影响地表土壤-植物养分循环及土壤抗侵蚀能力的重要因素。利用野外实地采样与测量数据,研究了毛乌素东南缘典型沙丘地标准沙柳植株凋落物的空间分布特征。结果表明:受西北风力的长期作用,凋落物分布以沙柳基部为中心,近似存在同心圆、扇形和月牙形分布格局。随着距基部距离的增大(30、60、90 cm),沙柳凋落物生物量呈显著减小趋势。与同心圆格局相比,扇形和月牙形格局下凋落物生物量呈西北减少、东南增加趋势,增幅介于4.4%~10.4%,尤以月牙形最为显著。沙柳群落中叶和果实在西北风作用下沿地面迁移和再分配是形成凋落物三大格局的主要原因,这些研究结果可为北方风沙区沙生植被优化布局及生态重建提供科学依据。

关键词: 沙柳凋落物, 分布格局, 毛乌素沙地

Abstract: Plant litter is an important part of ecosystem in Mu Us sandy land, and its stock volume and redistribution process play important roles in affecting nutrient cycling between surface soil and plant and soil erosion resistance. Based on the field survey and sampling data, the spatial distribution characteristics of litter of Salix psammophyla normal plant were studied in typical sand dunes of southeastern edge of Mu Us sandy land. The results show that the distribution patterns of Salix litter approximately appeared concentric circle, fan-shape and crescent-shape with the centre of Salix base under the long-term influence of the northwest wind, and the biomass of litter decreased significantly with the increase of the distance (30 cm, 60 cm and 90 cm) from the Salix base. Compared with the concentric circle pattern, the biomass of litter for crescent-shaped and fan-shaped patterns decreased in the northwest of base and increased in the southeast of base, especially for the crescent-shaped pattern the changes were significant. The northwest wind played an important role in migration and redistribution of leaves and fruits in Salix communities, so the northwest wind was main reason for the formation of three pattern of litter. These results might provide scientific basis for vegetation optimization layout and ecological reconstruction in wind-sandy area of northern China.

Key words: Salix psammophila litter, distribution pattern, Mu Us sandy land

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