关键词: 龙卷, 钩状回波, 强中气旋, 三体散射, 超级单体

Abstract: The great natural disaster of a rare hail, tornado occurred in Funing of Jiangsu Province on 23 June 2016. It caused huge economic losses and casualties. Based on the observed data from Doppler radar (SA) in Yancheng, this process was analyzed, and then compared with the strong convective weather in Xingtai on 12 May 2018.The results show that the Funing tornado occurred at the right side of the 200 hPa high-altitude jet stream exit. It was controlled by the strong southwest warm and wet airflow at the front of the 500 hPa trough. There were dry cold air in the middle layer and obvious shear in lower layer. Its environmental field had strong convective available potential energy (CAPE), vertical wind shear (WSR) and lower height of uplift condensation（LCL）. Before the Funing tornado, the maximum reflectivity factor (Zmax), strong echo center height (HT), echo top height (TOP) continued to increase, the vertically integrated liquid water content (VIL) surged. In the 2 volume sweeps before the tornado, HT and VIL felled sharply. There was an obvious three-body scattering phenomenon in Funing tornado, which was an indication for early warning of hail. Funing tornado storm had the characteristics of hook echo and strong mesocyclone of classic super cell, accompanied by TVS. It was a huge disaster caused by huge super cell storm. Compared with the hail wind process in Xingtai, the storm parameters of Funing tornado at its vigorous stage were obviously larger than those of the latter.

Key words: tornadoes, bow echo, strong mesocyclone, three body scattering, super cell