Journal of Arid Meteorology ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 460-468.DOI: 10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639-2025-03-0460

• Technical Reports • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Water disaster characteristics and rainfall disaster thresholds determination on railways within the jurisdiction of Lanzhou Railway Administration

WANG Xiaoyong1(), ZHAO Wenjing1(), LYU Meixia1, ZHANG Yue1, WU Yuzhe2, ZHANG Peiyan1, DING Xiujing1, CAI Lei2, CHEN Cheng1   

  1. 1. Meteorological Service Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, China
    2. China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2024-12-20 Revised:2025-05-13 Online:2025-06-30 Published:2025-07-12

兰州铁路局管内铁路水害特征及降雨致灾阈值判定

王小勇1(), 赵文婧1(), 吕玫霞1, 张玥1, 吴玉哲2, 张培燕1, 丁秀静1, 蔡磊2, 陈诚1   

  1. 1.甘肃省气象服务中心,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 通讯作者: 赵文婧
  • 作者简介:王小勇(1978—),男,甘肃平凉人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事新能源气象服务和天气预报业务及研究。E-mail: Gswangxy001@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省气象局“飞天风云”杰出人才项目(2024-2025年度);甘肃省气象局青年基金项目(Qn2025-G-23);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA1574);中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司横向项目(区段级铁路水害风险预警模型研究)

Abstract:

With global warming, extreme weather and climate events occur frequently, posing severe challenges to the safe operation of railways. In particular, the frequent occurrence of railway water-related damages during flood season seriously threatens railway transportation order and operational safety. This study utilizes historical railway water damage data and regional meteorological station data of Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of railway water damage. The railway lines were systematically classified by integrating geographical regions, rainstorm risk zones, and the spatial distribution of heavy rainfall frequency. Based on existing research findings, hourly rainfall during the three days preceding a water damage event, cumulative rainfall over the previous 24 hours, and effective rainfall over three days were selected as precipitation-related factors contributing to water damage. The Box-Cox transformation and quantile method were applied to determine rainfall thresholds for patrols, speed restrictions, and blockades prior to water damage on different railway lines. Water damage cases resulting from different types of precipitation processes were selected to evaluate the applicability of each indicator. The results show that 1-hour rainfall, 24-hour cumulative rainfall, and 72-hour effective rainfall are particularly effective in providing early warning indicators for water damage caused by short-term heavy rainfall, extreme rainstorms, and prolonged rainfall events, respectively. The mean availability rate of precipitation alert thresholds achieves 80%. The study results establish an evidence-based framework for railway management's strategic planning and contingency measures, helping to reduce ineffective patrol costs and effectively ensure safe and efficient railway operations.

Key words: railway water damage, risk warning, thresholds

摘要: 随着全球变暖,极端天气气候事件频发,对铁路安全运行带来严峻挑战,尤其是汛期频发的铁路水害,严重威胁铁路运输秩序和行车安全。本文利用甘肃、宁夏境内多年铁路水害历史资料和区域气象站资料,分析了铁路水害的时空分布特征,综合地理区域、暴雨风险区划和强降水频次空间分布,对铁路线路进行科学分类。基于已有研究结论,选取铁路水害发生前3 d逐小时雨量、前24 h累积雨量和前3 d有效雨量作为诱发水害的雨量因子;应用Box-Cox转换及分位数法,研究各类铁路线路水害发生前出巡、限速和封锁雨量警戒阈值的判定;分别选取不同类型降水过程导致的水害个例,检验各指标的可用性。结果显示:1 h雨量、24 h累积雨量和72 h有效雨量分别对短时强降水、特大暴雨和持续性降水过程导致的铁路水害预警指示作用显著;雨量警戒阈值平均可用率可达80%。相关结果可为铁路部门科学决策和防范应急预案的制定提供依据,有助于降低无效巡查成本,切实保障铁路安全、高效运行。

关键词: 铁路水害, 风险预警, 阈值

CLC Number: